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Assignment:	Technical Assistance Mission regarding the First Phase of the Revolving Drug Fund in Nyamira
Client:	BTC-CTB
Country:	Kenya
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Essential Medicines Financing, Health Financing and Provider Payment
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: Assessment of the Revolving Drug Fund project in Western Kenya. Identify critical indicators that should be monitored by the project. Discuss and advice in the identification of training needs and materials. Advise on the preparation of the required information materials. Provide suggestions for defining the intervals for intermediate, internal self-evaluation. Provide suggestions for joint GoK/MoH – BTC programme evaluations. Overview the assessment of the existing policies on pricing and price setting, cost awareness and the existing exemption methods with the health staff and the public and discuss and give advice for the development of pricing methodology, price setting guidelines, exemption methodology and guidelines. Overview the assessment of existing situation with regard to drug management skills, operations, capacity and capabilities and give advice for adaptation to RDF requirements. Discuss on guidelines in the development of RDF programme control and checking methods on administrative skills, quality of records and management of stocks and funds. Discuss on guidelines in outlining the drafts for the procedure manual on the flow of drugs, storage and distribution within the system.
Year:	2001

Assignment:	Primary Health Care Financing Support - Karagwe District
Client:	BTC-CTB
Country:	Tanzania / Zanzibar
Fields of expertise:	Basic Health Services, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Health Financing and Provider Payment, Hospital Services, Identification and Formulation
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: Formulation of a PHC financing project in Karagwe District. Description of Actual Services Provided: The team formulated proposals for adequate support to the Primary Health Care (PHC) in Karagwe within the frameworks of both the KCDP and the Health Sector Reform (HSR). The proposals were based upon an analysis of: The need for adequate financial contributions from the government, interested donors and communities; The current, basic medical service delivery systems; identify how the PHC in general can be supported; The current operational and financial management systems in the health facilities; In particular: addressing the prevailing situation of regular shortcomings in the drug supply system.
Year:	2001

Assignment:	Support the quality assurance of medicines in South Kivu
Client:	Cordaid
Country:	Congo RDC
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Medicines Financing, Health Financing and Provider Payment, Medical Store Evaluation, Procurement and Tender Support
Description:	Narrative description of Project: Since 2005, PHI (Provincial Health Inspectors) of South Kivu, the BDOM (Bureau diocésain des Oeuvres Médicales) of Bukavu and Cordaid are performing a Performance Based Financing programme in the province of South Kivu. Up until 2007, five drug distributors were identified as having met the conditions for selling drugs to health facilities. These results were favorable and supported by the household survey and the quality survey held in February 2008, during which the availability of the medicines in these health zones were compared with the performance based financing of health zones where this approach has not been applied. However, there is still a good ability to assess the quality of drugs and possibilities to review and refresh the list of drug distributors. Based on this analysis a resolution was adopted to strengthen the capacity of the Pharmaceutical Inspectorate of the Province and to solicit support from Cordaid. Description of actual services provided by your staff within the assignment: The consultant has worked closely with the Chief Pharmacist of BDOM as well as with colleagues at the PHI. Besides this technical support, the collaboration of the BdOM, the PAA and Cordaid’s local office has been essential for the successful completion of the mission. Interviews were held with most of the wholesalers registered in Bukavu and with key partners. The international standards were compared with the current situation. Deficiencies were observed and together with the local partners proposals were developed to improve the quality assurance system for medicines. One of the proposals is to buy a minilab so that the IPS has a practical instrument to intervene when it has doubts about the quality of medicines. A follow up mission was organized in July 2009. The prequalification had not been done yet and the procedures have been redeveloped by the consultant. In collaboration with the PHI, other small projects (such as a strategic plan, minilab and system for pharmacovigilance) were developed and their implementation planned.
Year:	2008 - 2009

Assignment:	Evaluation of the Quality Assurance systems in Zambia’s Central Medical Stores
Client:	Crown Agents / Ministry of Health Zambia
Country:	Zambia
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Medical Store Evaluation, Monitoring and Evaluation
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: As a National Drug Supply Organisation, Medical Stores Ltd (MSL) requires a comprehensive quality assurance programme that ensures product quality. The current central QA structure in Zambia is split between the Pharmaceutical Regulatory Authority, the Ministry of Health (procuring entity) and MSL (central storage, distribution and product testing). An assessment needs to be conducted which assesses MSL’s QA systems in this context. The overall objectives are as follows: To manage the operations of MSL efficiently, To develop the capacity of MSL staff with a focus on the senior managers To develop and institutionalise new systems and operating procedures where appropriate To plan and implement a major capital investment programme covering all areas of MSL operations Description of Actual Services Provided: A full assessment of MSL’s QA systems and procedures in the context of the national regulatory environment, including detailed analysis of the current strengths and weaknesses not only at MSL but in the national structure as a whole; Detailed and costed proposals for investments, tools, training and restructuring which is required to bridge the perceived gaps in the QA system at MSL; Included in the above analysis, an assessment of the options available to MSL for QA testing of all incoming products, with a focus on drugs and medical supplies. This assessment should include: Analysis of tests required to cover MSL’s entire product catalogue Assessment of all available models which will provide the required tests (e.g. establishment of MSL laboratory, outsource the whole service, etc) Presentation of costed plans for all options and timetables for implementation, and Clear recommendations for the way forward Summary recommendations for changes to the national QA system outside of MSL which would have a positive impact on the efficiency and quality of the national drug supply system.
Year:	2007

Assignment:	Preparation Danida Health Sector Programme Support Phase III
Client:	Danida
Country:	Tanzania / Zanzibar
Fields of expertise:	Basic Health Services, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Health Expenditure Review, Health Information System / Epidemiology / Operational Research, Health Policy and Policy Dialogue, Health Sector Reform, Health Sector Review or Health Sector Diagnosis, Hospital Services, Identification and Formulation, Pharmaceutical Sector Review, Planning, Organisation and Management, Public Private Partnership Interventions, Rational Use Surveys, Sector Wide Approach (SWAp)
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: Main objectives of Phase III: Development Objective: to improve the health and well being of all Tanzanians, with a focus on those at risk, and to encourage the health system to be more responsive to the needs of the people. Specific Objectives of Danish support: Improve comprehensive planning and delivery of quality health services – including the private sector at district level- with a focus on the major diseases including HIV/AIDS, the poor and vulnerable as well as on gender aspects. Improve the capacity of the private sector to contribute to systems development and participate in policy dialogue Improve drug supply and the rational use of drugs Improve hospital management on district and regional level Improve the information systems relevant to the health sector Description of Actual Services Provided: Study of background documents relying on existing documentation and with very limited primary data gathering; meetings with key officials from government and donor partners, field trips and workshops. A detailed report with attention to cross-cutting issues and priority themes., management and organisation, financial management and procurement, monitoring, reporting, reviews and evaluation, assessment of key assumptions and risks, component implementation plan, and recommendations.
Year:	2003

Assignment:	Review of the Drug Provision System (indent system)
Client:	Danida
Country:	Tanzania / Zanzibar
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Essential Medicines Financing, Monitoring and Evaluation, Planning, Organisation and Management, Rational Use Surveys
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: The objectives of the review are to carry out a thorough assessment of the indent system for drugs distribution as piloted in Morogoro region under HSPS and make recommendations for the further implementation of a pull system in Tanzania. Description of Actual Services Provided: The team performed the following review: Assessment of the initial design and the operational version of the Indent System; Assessment of the actual implementation of the system package with regard to its adequacy for implementation in other regions; Assessment of the impact of the system; Assessment of the financial aspects; Assessment of the system’s potential to respond to the health reform target of delegation responsibilities for the planning and execution of drug supply at PHC level; Assessment of quality of the data acquired via the system as basis for preparation of drug sector policies; Assessment of the system’s potential to promote rational use of drugs; Analysis and comparison of the costs and control mechanism of the previous “push” system of standard kits versus the Indent System as a “pull” system; Analysis and assessment of options for further implementation of a “pull system” and recommend on replication and adjustments of the present system. Assess and quantify the need for further external financial and technical assistance. Identify the need for socio-economic assessment of the system after introduction of socio-sharing for drugs.
Year:	2000

Assignment:	Health Sector Programme Support: consultancy to review roles and functions of the Pharmaceutical Supply Unit
Client:	Danida
Country:	Tanzania / Zanzibar
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Medical Store Evaluation, Monitoring and Evaluation
Description:	Narrative description of Project: Review roles and functions of the PSU and come up with recommendation on how PSU should be streamlined to improve its operations. Description of actual services provided: Review of background documents Assessment of PSU structure, operations and current work processes Develop guidelines for semi-structured interviews with stakeholders and conduct interviews Develop and prepare workshop programme 3 day workshop for PSU staff: assist them with self-assessment and teambuilding Presentation at debriefing Final report including recommendations for short and medium term
Year:	2008 - 2009

Assignment:	Support to set up the Drug Supply Budget Line (DSBL)
Client:	DFID
Country:	Zambia
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Procurement and Tender Support
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: Agree on the operating principles and management structures of the DSBL, and clarify the required steps for its implementation. Description of Actual Services Provided: The consultant reviewed relevant existing reports and documents and consulted with MOH and CBOH Departments, CP, and other relevant stakeholders in the process of preparing options for the DSBL set-up. Based on existing working papers and consultation with stakeholder the consultant developed options for the managerial set-up and working principles of the DSBL, and drafted an action plan to facilitate implementation. Activities are summarized in a brief mission report, with the plan of action attached. Plan of Action DSBL including: The definition of DSBL mission, goals and main objectives The proposed organizational structure and the relations with the most involved parties, including MOH Pharmacy Department (to be established), MOH PSU, MOH Accounts Unit, MOH Public Health, MOH SWAp Secretariat, MSL and CPs The proposed working principles and procedures Next steps to be taken including timelines and detailing responsibilities.
Year:	2005

Assignment:	Review of MSL Management under 1st year Management Contract between MSL and Crown Agents
Client:	DFID
Country:	Zambia
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Monitoring and Evaluation, Procurement and Tender Support
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: The objective is to review MSL management and operations (warehousing, inventory management, quality assurance, distribution) including operating costs and management fee. Description of Actual Services Provided: The Review Team assessed the functioning of MSL management and MSL performances with regard to its key operations, i.e. receipt of goods, storage and distribution, as well as the support functions financing and human resources management. Indicators are proposed and a baseline established for MSL performance. Further emphasis is on options to bring the procurement of health commodities back in one supply chain of storage and distribution of all health commodities at the MSL as well as the future relations with the DSBL. The Review Report includes indicators with baseline data and options for optimal functioning of MSL within the procurement and supply system in the health sector and draft terms and conditions for the 2nd and 3rd year MSL Management Contract.
Year:	2005

Assignment:	Medicines Transparency Alliance (MeTA)
Client:	DFID
Country:	Jordan
Fields of expertise:	Access to Medicine Campaigns, Drug Regulatory Authority Support, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Increasing Transparency In Public And Private Pharmaceutical Markets, National Medicines Policy Development, Procurement and Tender Support, Public Private Partnership Interventions, Training and Human Resource Development
Description:	Narrative description of Project: MeTA is a new multi-stakeholder approach for increasing transparency around the selection, procurement, sale and distribution of medicines in Low Income Countries, thereby strengthening governance and encouraging responsible business practices. The MeTA goal is to ensure access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries (MDG 8, target 17). The initiative us being supported financially by DFID during its present Phase One. MeTA brings together, at both the international and national levels, a diverse group of people with an interest in the pharmaceutical sector (stakeholders) to find ways to improve information flows, and increase transparency and accountability about the selection, regulation, procurement, sale, distribution and use of medicines in developing countries. By doing so, MeTA will improve how decisions are made about medicines, improve the way they are purchased and supplied, encourage innovative and responsible business practices, and increase the voice of patients and consumers. Description of actual services provided by your staff within the assignment: The MeTA International Secretariat is tasked to help to support the implementation of MeTA in 7 pilot countries, through facilitating support for the evolution and effective functioning of the National Secretariats, National Multi-Stakeholder Group (NMSGs), and implementation of work plans. Following the establishment of country MeTA structures, the International MeTA Secretariat provides further support to the pilot countries including: Supporting countries to extract and collate data on medicine quality, availability and pricing along the supply chain; Supporting countries to undertake studies assessing the level of transparency and good governance in medicines regulation and procurement; Working with countries to produce country-specific MeTA reports, which would collate data and further analyse and contextualise issues related to medicine quality, availability and price, and to disseminate these reports through the media and public interest groups; as well as exploring policy options and support needed for implementation e.g. of report recommendations. Assist countries in using the data collated through MeTA on medicine policies and regulation as well as quality, availability and prices to try to promote relevant good practice and policy changes to improve access to medicines. HERA contracted staff are responsible for the provision of country specific support under META. Pilot countries are: Ghana, Uganda, Zambia, the Philippines, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan and Peru.
Year:	2008 - 2010

Assignment:	Medicines Transparency Alliance (MeTA)
Client:	DFID
Country:	Ghana
Fields of expertise:	Access to Medicine Campaigns, Drug Pricing Studies, Drug Regulatory Authority Support, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Essential Medicines Financing, Increasing Transparency In Public And Private Pharmaceutical Markets, National Medicines Policy Development, Procurement and Tender Support, Public Private Partnership Interventions, Rational Use Surveys, Training and Human Resource Development
Description:	Narrative description of Project: MeTA is a new multi-stakeholder approach for increasing transparency around the selection, procurement, sale and distribution of medicines in Low Income Countries, thereby strengthening governance and encouraging responsible business practices. The MeTA goal is to ensure access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries (MDG 8, target 17). The initiative us being supported financially by DFID during its present Phase One. MeTA brings together, at both the international and national levels, a diverse group of people with an interest in the pharmaceutical sector (stakeholders) to find ways to improve information flows, and increase transparency and accountability about the selection, regulation, procurement, sale, distribution and use of medicines in developing countries. By doing so, MeTA will improve how decisions are made about medicines, improve the way they are purchased and supplied, encourage innovative and responsible business practices, and increase the voice of patients and consumers. Description of actual services provided by your staff within the assignment: The MeTA International Secretariat is tasked to help to support the implementation of MeTA in 7 pilot countries, through facilitating support for the evolution and effective functioning of the National Secretariats, National Multi-Stakeholder Group (NMSGs), and implementation of work plans. Following the establishment of country MeTA structures, the International MeTA Secretariat provides further support to the pilot countries including: Supporting countries to extract and collate data on medicine quality, availability and pricing along the supply chain; Supporting countries to undertake studies assessing the level of transparency and good governance in medicines regulation and procurement; Working with countries to produce country-specific MeTA reports, which would collate data and further analyse and contextualise issues related to medicine quality, availability and price, and to disseminate these reports through the media and public interest groups; as well as exploring policy options and support needed for implementation e.g. of report recommendations. Assist countries in using the data collated through MeTA on medicine policies and regulation as well as quality, availability and prices to try to promote relevant good practice and policy changes to improve access to medicines. HERA contracted staff are responsible for the provision of country specific support under META. Pilot countries are: Ghana, Uganda, Zambia, the Philippines, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan and Peru.
Year:	2008 - 2010

Assignment:	Medicines Transparency Alliance (MeTA)
Client:	DFID
Country:	Kyrgyzstan
Fields of expertise:	Access to Medicine Campaigns, Drug Pricing Studies, Drug Regulatory Authority Support, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Essential Medicines Financing, Increasing Transparency In Public And Private Pharmaceutical Markets, National Medicines Policy Development, Public Private Partnership Interventions, Rational Use Surveys, Training and Human Resource Development
Description:	Narrative description of Project: MeTA is a new multi-stakeholder approach for increasing transparency around the selection, procurement, sale and distribution of medicines in Low Income Countries, thereby strengthening governance and encouraging responsible business practices. The MeTA goal is to ensure access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries (MDG 8, target 17). The initiative us being supported financially by DFID during its present Phase One. MeTA brings together, at both the international and national levels, a diverse group of people with an interest in the pharmaceutical sector (stakeholders) to find ways to improve information flows, and increase transparency and accountability about the selection, regulation, procurement, sale, distribution and use of medicines in developing countries. By doing so, MeTA will improve how decisions are made about medicines, improve the way they are purchased and supplied, encourage innovative and responsible business practices, and increase the voice of patients and consumers. Description of actual services provided by your staff within the assignment: The MeTA International Secretariat is tasked to help to support the implementation of MeTA in 7 pilot countries, through facilitating support for the evolution and effective functioning of the National Secretariats, National Multi-Stakeholder Group (NMSGs), and implementation of work plans. Following the establishment of country MeTA structures, the International MeTA Secretariat provides further support to the pilot countries including: Supporting countries to extract and collate data on medicine quality, availability and pricing along the supply chain; Supporting countries to undertake studies assessing the level of transparency and good governance in medicines regulation and procurement; Working with countries to produce country-specific MeTA reports, which would collate data and further analyse and contextualise issues related to medicine quality, availability and price, and to disseminate these reports through the media and public interest groups; as well as exploring policy options and support needed for implementation e.g. of report recommendations. Assist countries in using the data collated through MeTA on medicine policies and regulation as well as quality, availability and prices to try to promote relevant good practice and policy changes to improve access to medicines. HERA contracted staff are responsible for the provision of country specific support under META. Pilot countries are: Ghana, Uganda, Zambia, the Philippines, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan and Peru.
Year:	2008 - 2010

Assignment:	Medicines Transparency Alliance (MeTA)
Client:	DFID
Country:	Peru
Fields of expertise:	Access to Medicine Campaigns, Drug Pricing Studies, Drug Regulatory Authority Support, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Essential Medicines Financing, Increasing Transparency In Public And Private Pharmaceutical Markets, National Medicines Policy Development, Public Private Partnership Interventions, Rational Use Surveys, Training and Human Resource Development
Description:	Narrative description of Project: MeTA is a new multi-stakeholder approach for increasing transparency around the selection, procurement, sale and distribution of medicines in Low Income Countries, thereby strengthening governance and encouraging responsible business practices. The MeTA goal is to ensure access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries (MDG 8, target 17). The initiative us being supported financially by DFID during its present Phase One. MeTA brings together, at both the international and national levels, a diverse group of people with an interest in the pharmaceutical sector (stakeholders) to find ways to improve information flows, and increase transparency and accountability about the selection, regulation, procurement, sale, distribution and use of medicines in developing countries. By doing so, MeTA will improve how decisions are made about medicines, improve the way they are purchased and supplied, encourage innovative and responsible business practices, and increase the voice of patients and consumers. Description of actual services provided by your staff within the assignment: The MeTA International Secretariat is tasked to help to support the implementation of MeTA in 7 pilot countries, through facilitating support for the evolution and effective functioning of the National Secretariats, National Multi-Stakeholder Group (NMSGs), and implementation of work plans. Following the establishment of country MeTA structures, the International MeTA Secretariat provides further support to the pilot countries including: Supporting countries to extract and collate data on medicine quality, availability and pricing along the supply chain; Supporting countries to undertake studies assessing the level of transparency and good governance in medicines regulation and procurement; Working with countries to produce country-specific MeTA reports, which would collate data and further analyse and contextualise issues related to medicine quality, availability and price, and to disseminate these reports through the media and public interest groups; as well as exploring policy options and support needed for implementation e.g. of report recommendations. Assist countries in using the data collated through MeTA on medicine policies and regulation as well as quality, availability and prices to try to promote relevant good practice and policy changes to improve access to medicines. HERA contracted staff are responsible for the provision of country specific support under META. Pilot countries are: Ghana, Uganda, Zambia, the Philippines, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan and Peru.
Year:	2008 - 2010

Assignment:	Medicines Transparency Alliance (MeTA)
Client:	DFID
Country:	The Philippines
Fields of expertise:	Access to Medicine Campaigns, Drug Pricing Studies, Drug Regulatory Authority Support, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Essential Medicines Financing, Increasing Transparency In Public And Private Pharmaceutical Markets, National Medicines Policy Development, Public Private Partnership Interventions, Rational Use Surveys, Training and Human Resource Development
Description:	Narrative description of Project: MeTA is a new multi-stakeholder approach for increasing transparency around the selection, procurement, sale and distribution of medicines in Low Income Countries, thereby strengthening governance and encouraging responsible business practices. The MeTA goal is to ensure access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries (MDG 8, target 17). The initiative us being supported financially by DFID during its present Phase One. MeTA brings together, at both the international and national levels, a diverse group of people with an interest in the pharmaceutical sector (stakeholders) to find ways to improve information flows, and increase transparency and accountability about the selection, regulation, procurement, sale, distribution and use of medicines in developing countries. By doing so, MeTA will improve how decisions are made about medicines, improve the way they are purchased and supplied, encourage innovative and responsible business practices, and increase the voice of patients and consumers. Description of actual services provided by your staff within the assignment: The MeTA International Secretariat is tasked to help to support the implementation of MeTA in 7 pilot countries, through facilitating support for the evolution and effective functioning of the National Secretariats, National Multi-Stakeholder Group (NMSGs), and implementation of work plans. Following the establishment of country MeTA structures, the International MeTA Secretariat provides further support to the pilot countries including: Supporting countries to extract and collate data on medicine quality, availability and pricing along the supply chain; Supporting countries to undertake studies assessing the level of transparency and good governance in medicines regulation and procurement; Working with countries to produce country-specific MeTA reports, which would collate data and further analyse and contextualise issues related to medicine quality, availability and price, and to disseminate these reports through the media and public interest groups; as well as exploring policy options and support needed for implementation e.g. of report recommendations. Assist countries in using the data collated through MeTA on medicine policies and regulation as well as quality, availability and prices to try to promote relevant good practice and policy changes to improve access to medicines. HERA contracted staff are responsible for the provision of country specific support under META. Pilot countries are: Ghana, Uganda, Zambia, the Philippines, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan and Peru.
Year:	2008 - 2010

Assignment:	Medicines Transparency Alliance (MeTA)
Client:	DFID
Country:	Uganda
Fields of expertise:	Access to Medicine Campaigns, Drug Pricing Studies, Drug Regulatory Authority Support, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Essential Medicines Financing, Increasing Transparency In Public And Private Pharmaceutical Markets, National Medicines Policy Development, Public Private Partnership Interventions, Rational Use Surveys, Training and Human Resource Development
Description:	Narrative description of Project: MeTA is a new multi-stakeholder approach for increasing transparency around the selection, procurement, sale and distribution of medicines in Low Income Countries, thereby strengthening governance and encouraging responsible business practices. The MeTA goal is to ensure access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries (MDG 8, target 17). The initiative us being supported financially by DFID during its present Phase One. MeTA brings together, at both the international and national levels, a diverse group of people with an interest in the pharmaceutical sector (stakeholders) to find ways to improve information flows, and increase transparency and accountability about the selection, regulation, procurement, sale, distribution and use of medicines in developing countries. By doing so, MeTA will improve how decisions are made about medicines, improve the way they are purchased and supplied, encourage innovative and responsible business practices, and increase the voice of patients and consumers. Description of actual services provided by your staff within the assignment: The MeTA International Secretariat is tasked to help to support the implementation of MeTA in 7 pilot countries, through facilitating support for the evolution and effective functioning of the National Secretariats, National Multi-Stakeholder Group (NMSGs), and implementation of work plans. Following the establishment of country MeTA structures, the International MeTA Secretariat provides further support to the pilot countries including: Supporting countries to extract and collate data on medicine quality, availability and pricing along the supply chain; Supporting countries to undertake studies assessing the level of transparency and good governance in medicines regulation and procurement; Working with countries to produce country-specific MeTA reports, which would collate data and further analyse and contextualise issues related to medicine quality, availability and price, and to disseminate these reports through the media and public interest groups; as well as exploring policy options and support needed for implementation e.g. of report recommendations. Assist countries in using the data collated through MeTA on medicine policies and regulation as well as quality, availability and prices to try to promote relevant good practice and policy changes to improve access to medicines. HERA contracted staff are responsible for the provision of country specific support under META. Pilot countries are: Ghana, Uganda, Zambia, the Philippines, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan and Peru.
Year:	2008 - 2010

Assignment:	Medicines Transparency Alliance (MeTA)
Client:	DFID
Country:	Zambia
Fields of expertise:	Access to Medicine Campaigns, Drug Pricing Studies, Drug Regulatory Authority Support, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Essential Medicines Financing, Increasing Transparency In Public And Private Pharmaceutical Markets, National Medicines Policy Development, Public Private Partnership Interventions, Rational Use Surveys, Training and Human Resource Development
Description:	Narrative description of Project: MeTA is a new multi-stakeholder approach for increasing transparency around the selection, procurement, sale and distribution of medicines in Low Income Countries, thereby strengthening governance and encouraging responsible business practices. The MeTA goal is to ensure access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries (MDG 8, target 17). The initiative us being supported financially by DFID during its present Phase One. MeTA brings together, at both the international and national levels, a diverse group of people with an interest in the pharmaceutical sector (stakeholders) to find ways to improve information flows, and increase transparency and accountability about the selection, regulation, procurement, sale, distribution and use of medicines in developing countries. By doing so, MeTA will improve how decisions are made about medicines, improve the way they are purchased and supplied, encourage innovative and responsible business practices, and increase the voice of patients and consumers. Description of actual services provided by your staff within the assignment: The MeTA International Secretariat is tasked to help to support the implementation of MeTA in 7 pilot countries, through facilitating support for the evolution and effective functioning of the National Secretariats, National Multi-Stakeholder Group (NMSGs), and implementation of work plans. Following the establishment of country MeTA structures, the International MeTA Secretariat provides further support to the pilot countries including: Supporting countries to extract and collate data on medicine quality, availability and pricing along the supply chain; Supporting countries to undertake studies assessing the level of transparency and good governance in medicines regulation and procurement; Working with countries to produce country-specific MeTA reports, which would collate data and further analyse and contextualise issues related to medicine quality, availability and price, and to disseminate these reports through the media and public interest groups; as well as exploring policy options and support needed for implementation e.g. of report recommendations. Assist countries in using the data collated through MeTA on medicine policies and regulation as well as quality, availability and prices to try to promote relevant good practice and policy changes to improve access to medicines. HERA contracted staff are responsible for the provision of country specific support under META. Pilot countries are: Ghana, Uganda, Zambia, the Philippines, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan and Peru.
Year:	2008 - 2010

Assignment:	Change review of Namibia Integrated Health Programme
Client:	EC - KIT
Country:	Namibia
Fields of expertise:	Basic Health Services, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Health Policy and Policy Dialogue, Health Sector Reform, Monitoring and Evaluation, National Medicines Policy Development, Planning, Organisation and Management
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: The different components of the NHIP programme are the following: Support to central level Support the intermediate and operational regional levels Support to the essential drug programme NIHP’s general objectives are in a nutshell: to promote comprehensive development of the central level of the MOHSS, with particular emphasis on strengthening the administrative and financial services; to support the process of decentralisation of the health system and to improve the delivery of comprehensive primary health care by strengthening Regional Health Directorates and regional Health Management Teams (RHMT); to support the planning and development of an Essential Drugs Programme (EDP) by enhancing rational and cost-effective procurement, storage, distribution, supply and use of pharmaceutical products and medical supplies. Description of Actual Services Provided: Review of Namibia Integrated Health Programme and change review of the health sector reform process performance. Recommendations for the future.
Year:	1999

Assignment:	Review of the Pharmaceutical Sector
Client:	EC/EDF
Country:	Madagascar
Fields of expertise:	Costing Studies, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Health Financing and Provider Payment, Identification and Formulation, Medical Store Evaluation, National Medicines Policy Development, Pharmaceutical Sector Review
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: Analysis of the pharmaceutical sector. Elaboration of a proposal of a new central medical store. Description of Actual Services Provided: Analysis and evaluation of the pharmaceutical sector. Project proposal of new central medical stores. Development of distribution mechanisms (up to the periphery). Cost-recovery schemes. Appraisal study of the central medical store. The central medical store (SALAMA) which is actually operational in Atananarivo is the result of the technical and organisational proposals made by HERA.
Year:	1994 - 1995

Assignment:	Documentation of the drug supply chain model for Uganda during the first year of implementation of the new malaria treatment policy
Client:	Health Partners International
Country:	Uganda
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Procurement and Tender Support, Selection of Essential Medicines, Training and Human Resource Development
Description:	Narrative description of Project: The overall objective of this work is to document the supply chain that has been in place during the first year of implementation of the new malaria treatment policy, i.e. March 2006 to February 2007. The review will enable the Ministry of Health to better appreciate the current drug supply chain for Coartem® specifically and other essential medicines at health facility level. The current limitations of the system once documented can then be discussed in order to seek solutions. Description of actual services provided: The consultants described and documented the drug supply chain model in Uganda for antimalarias and other essential medicines. More specifically: The drug supply chain (DSC) model from port to entry to end-user including roles and responsibilities along the chain; The implementation of the model during the first year of the new malaria treatment policy and its effect on access to antimalarias at health facility level; To examine the performance of the DSC management during first year of implementation; To compare Coartem forecasts and quantifications of the first year of implementation with orders placed at NMS and JMS; To assess the adequacy of tracking systems at central level to prevent stock-outs; Prepare a checklist of training guidelines and job aids for drug supply management; To describe the procurement procedures for Coartem; To indicate how the Coartem supply chain can be extended to community level; To highlight strengths and weaknesses of the supply chain and propose recommendations to maintain the former and solve the latter.
Year:	2007

Assignment:	Pre-feasibility Study of local production of quality anti-retroviral drugs
Client:	Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau
Country:	Rwanda
Fields of expertise:	Appraisal, Cost-effectiveness Studies, Costing Studies, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, National Medicines Policy Development, Public Private Partnership Interventions, Quantification of Essential Drug Needs
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: The objective of the study is to analyse whether ARV production in Rwanda is feasible and would lead to an increased availability of accessible quality drugs in Rwanda and whether there is a potential for export in the sub-region. The second question concerns the best way to implement such a project and whether a cooperation of German development cooperation with Pharmakina could lead to success. Risks and alternatives are also evaluated. Description of Actual Services Provided: Specific tasks Local and regional market and distribution assessment Economic and financial analysis Institutional and organisational analysis Production process technical analysis To evaluate the overall justification in the context of the targets of the German development cooperation Methods Bilateral discussions with MoH and other institutions and donors active in the given filed in Rwanda (GTZ Rwanda: Health and WIRAM (Economy reform and market development, etc.), Revision of available documents, Close cooperation with MoH, GTZ-Rwanda Debriefing meeting in Rwanda Elaboration of a final evaluation report (business plan)
Year:	2005

Assignment:	Capacity Building and Technical Assistance related to procurement, storage and distribution of Health Sector Goods, and drug supply management in hospitals
Client:	Ministry of Health
Country:	Lesotho
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Long Term Technical Assistance, Medical Store Evaluation, Planning, Organisation and Management, Procurement and Tender Support, Training and Human Resource Development
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: The objectives are to Strengthen drug supply management and security at all hospitals; Enable NDSO to procure essential medicines using international competitive bidding; Provide technical assistance to NDSO and MOH Procurement Unit in procuring the Health Sector Goods financed through the Global Fund using ICB. Description of Actual Services Provided: Development of an effective and efficient drug supply management system at NDSO and District Hospitals; Development of a sound security system in connection with the inventory and the Health Sector Goods at NDSO and District Hospitals; Training of staff at NDSO and Procurement unit on procurement of Health Sector Goods Development of an efficient system for procurement, storage, distribution and M&E of the Health Sector Goods under the Global Fund.
Year:	2006 - 2008

Assignment:	Technical Review 2004 of the National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme
Client:	Ministry of Health
Country:	Tanzania / Zanzibar
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Health Sector Reform, Health Sector Review or Health Sector Diagnosis, HIV-AIDS-STI-TB, Monitoring and Evaluation, Sector Wide Approach (SWAp)
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: The purpose of the evaluation is to assess achievements and gaps in implementing the second NTLP strategic plan and suggest ways to improve for future planning. Description of Actual Services Provided: Assess progress made by NTLP in the period July 2001 and against the recommendations of the NTLP evaluation conducted in June 2000; Assess progress made in improving TB case detection and treatment outcome in relation to global DOTS targets and suggest ways to improve access to TB diagnosis and treatment; Assess progress made in leprosy elimination in relation to WHO global target of eliminating leprosy elimination as a public health problem by 2005 and advise on ways how to maintain high case-detection, quality care (PoD) and good case-holding for leprosy patients; Assess performance in drug management by NTLP and MSD; including the entire cycle of quantification, tender preparation etc until distribution to the user points and advise on ways how to improve it; Assess proposed joint TB/HIV interventions at district level in relation to WHO guidelines and suggest ways to improve this; Assess management performance within NTLP in general and TLCU in particular and advise on ways for strengthening this in terms of team spirit, effectiveness and efficiency, with particular reference to further integration into health reforms, partnership building in TB/HIV, and possibilities of outsourcing of specific areas of work; Assess the effectiveness of the governance and financial management mechanisms of the NTLP Joint Account in supporting and facilitating the implementation of programme activities in line with the ongoing Health Sector Reforms and SWAp; Identify causes and constraints, which have resulted and contributed to success or failure in achieving the targets and objectives set in the 2nd Medium Term Strategic Plan (2001-2004); Assess and advise on future technical assistance (TA) to NTLP for capacity building in development areas and in overcoming new operational challenges in the achievement of its goals, objectives and ambitions; Present recommendations in a form of a report on all above subjects aimed at mainstreaming NTLP operations to ensure programme performance, effectiveness and sustainability.
Year:	2004

Assignment:	Development of Capacity for the procurement of Pharmaceuticals and other Health goods and services & strengthening of management capacity of the Drug Supply Company Suriname (BGVS)
Client:	Ministry of Health
Country:	Suriname
Fields of expertise:	Costing Studies, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Essential Medicines Financing, National Medicines Policy Development, Procurement and Tender Support, Training and Human Resource Development
Description:	Narrative description of Project: The overall objective of the technical assistance (TA) for the Procurement and Supply Consultancy and BGVS Management Support Services for the Ministry of Health in Suriname is to establish internationally accepted procurement and supply functions in the health sector, as well as the necessary management arrangements that will facilitate Goods Procurement Practises at the BGVS. Description of actual services provided: The team provided the necessary support to the MOH Pharmaceutical Policy Coordinator with the development of procurement organization and planning as well as storage and distribution of commodities. More specifically assisted the MOH and its programs in the set-up of its institutional framework for procurement of Goods, Works and Services and assisted the BGVS Board of Directors and management in formulating and executing its policy for 2007-2008, which is currently being drafted. The focus lay on: Procurement and supply management activities with regard to essential drugs and supplies at GBVS as well as at MOH and its programs; Development and implementation of harmonized procurement and supply systems, including procedures, quality assurance, administration, monitoring, documentation, …; Recruitment and training of staff to undertake aforementioned tasks; Building working relationships with all stakeholders, including sensitizing senior staff in the public health system on sound procurement systems and procedures; Training and skills transfer regarding Good Procurement Practises at central and BGVS level; Financial management, including costing and pricing of goods and credit control at BGVS; Evaluation of data management at BGVS, with a focus on management information systems and taking into account specific requirements of clients and stakeholders.
Year:	2007 - 2008

Assignment:	Mid-term Review of the National Health Strategic Plan 2006-2010
Client:	Ministry of Health - Zambia
Country:	Zambia
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Health Financing and Provider Payment, Monitoring and Evaluation, National Medicines Policy Development, Procurement and Tender Support
Description:	Narrative description of Project: The primary aim of the Mid-Term Review (MTR) was to assess progress in the implementation of the current strategic plan, identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that should be cultivated towards accelerated implementation in the remaining half of the term. Secondly, the review will generate key recommendations that can be used to determine possible modifications of the NHSP on sector-specific interventions in order to accelerate the implementation of the plan to attain the health MDGs. Description of actual services provided by your staff within the assignment: The consultant participated in the subgroup Support Systems (SS) and more specifically in the area of Procurement Management System and national drug policy. The team assessed the capacity of the MoH to carry out different phases of the procurement cycle focusing on the organizational aspects; skills of the staff; quality and adequacy of supporting and control systems; record keeping; the general procurement environment and the private sector assessment. In addition the various pharmaceutical policy documents were looked at and assessed. For each area, key questions to initiate discussions during the various interviews were prepared based on the analysis of the available documentation. The questions related closely to the objectives and indicators for the various components of NHSP IV.
Year:	2008

Assignment:	Technical assistance and support to strengthen the supply chain management system to support the HIV/AIDS program
Client:	SCMS (Supply Chain Management System project)
Country:	Namibia
Fields of expertise:	Appraisal, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, HIV-AIDS-STI-TB, Procurement and Tender Support
Description:	Narrative description of Project: Provide TA and support to the Central Medical Stores to undertake a though review of the procurement management, policies, procedures, tendering, contracting, ordering and supplier management systems with a view of identifying the causes of poor supplier performance, and development of recommendations, an implementation plan and budget for addressing the identified causes. Description of actual services provided: Conduct an in and out brief with USAID/Namibia as requested Conduct an in and out brief of the Director, THC&CSS, the Ag. Deputy Director, Pharmaceutical Services Division, the Head of CMS and other relevant persons as required In collaboration with the Head of the Procurement and Tenders Section of the CMS and management of CMS, conduct an in-depth evaluation of the current procurement management systems of the CMS to include but not limited to the legalenvironment, procurement cycle management, organization and functions, support and control systems, tender management systems, vendor management systems, supplier performance monitoring systems, record keeping, staffing, general procurement environment, administrative, political and financial risks to the procurement process Hold discussions and/or interviews with relevant staff of MoHSS, CMS and other bodies Hold discussions and/or interviews with previous and current suppliers and/or agents of suppliers of the CMS with a view determining the vendor perspective Develop recommendations and prepare a detailed work plan and budget for implementation
Year:	2008

Assignment:	UNICEF Support to Government Supply Chain Systems. Lessons Learned at Country Office Level
Client:	UNICEF
Country:	Ethiopia
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening
Description:	Narrative description of Project: To learn from hands-on experiences of the supply chain systems support at country level (using Ethiopia and Madagascar as examples), and formulate recommendations to be considered in relation to - future UNICEF engagements in supply chain systems support as well as - UNICEF Supply Division reworking of its supply chain model. Description of actual services provided: Preparation of a “lessons learned” paper in relation to UNICEF support to the development of the Ethiopia Health Commodity Supply System Master Plan. The target audience was UNICEF Supply Chain Community - Supply Division, regional and country offices. Participation of one HERA consultant in a 2-day workshop at UNICEF Supply Division 1st quarter of 2008 – including a short presentation of the above mentioned lessons learned; and facilitation of specific sessions of the workshop. Workshop follow-up, including drafting a guidance paper containing recommendations from the workshop.
Year:	2007 - 2008

Assignment:	UNICEF Support to Government Supply Chain Systems. Lessons Learned at Country Office Level
Client:	UNICEF
Country:	Madagascar
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening
Description:	Narrative description of Project: To learn from hands-on experiences of the supply chain systems support at country level (using Ethiopia and Madagascar as examples), and formulate recommendations to be considered in relation to - future UNICEF engagements in supply chain systems support as well as - UNICEF Supply Division reworking of its supply chain model. Description of actual services provided: Preparation of a “lessons learned” paper in relation to UNICEF support to the development of the Ethiopia Health Commodity Supply System Master Plan. The target audience was UNICEF Supply Chain Community - Supply Division, regional and country offices. Participation of one HERA consultant in a 2-day workshop at UNICEF Supply Division 1st quarter of 2008 – including a short presentation of the above mentioned lessons learned; and facilitation of specific sessions of the workshop. Workshop follow-up, including drafting a guidance paper containing recommendations from the workshop.
Year:	2007 - 2008

Assignment:	UNICEF Support to Government Supply Chain Systems. Lessons Learned at Country Office Level
Client:	UNICEF
Country:	Denmark
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening
Description:	Narrative description of Project: To learn from hands-on experiences of the supply chain systems support at country level (using Ethiopia and Madagascar as examples), and formulate recommendations to be considered in relation to - future UNICEF engagements in supply chain systems support as well as - UNICEF Supply Division reworking of its supply chain model. Description of actual services provided: Preparation of a “lessons learned” paper in relation to UNICEF support to the development of the Ethiopia Health Commodity Supply System Master Plan. The target audience was UNICEF Supply Chain Community - Supply Division, regional and country offices. Participation of one HERA consultant in a 2-day workshop at UNICEF Supply Division 1st quarter of 2008 – including a short presentation of the above mentioned lessons learned; and facilitation of specific sessions of the workshop. Workshop follow-up, including drafting a guidance paper containing recommendations from the workshop.
Year:	2007 - 2008

Assignment:	Diagnosis and reorganisation of the pharmaceutical sector
Client:	World Bank
Country:	Rwanda
Fields of expertise:	Drug Regulatory Authority Support, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Essential Medicines Financing, Health Sector Reform, Medical Store Evaluation, National Medicines Policy Development, Pharmaceutical Sector Review, Planning, Organisation and Management, Quantification of Essential Drug Needs, Rational Use Surveys, Selection of Essential Medicines, Training and Human Resource Development
Description:	Narrative Description of Project: Diagnosis and reorganisation of the pharmaceutical sector in Rwanda (public and private sector). Development of a national policy and legislation for the pharmaceutical sector. Institutional strengthening of the Pharmaceutical Department of the Ministry of Health. Technical and organisational proposals for a new structure for a national central medical store. Quantification of the national needs for essential drugs. Development of the strategies for procurement, supply, storing and distribution of the essential drugs. Proposal for a diagnostic and treatment standard. Strategies for the registration, quality control and rational use of drugs. Development of financial policies for drugs (custom duties, price regulation, etc.). Proposal for the financing of the development plan of the pharmaceutical sector. Description of Actual Services Provided: Responsible for a detailed analysis of the pharmaceutical sector, including policy, legislation, provision and supply of drugs, drug needs by level and by sector, drug use, drug registration, drug financing aspects. Provided assistance to the Ministry of Health in all the above fields to develop proposals to reform. Assisted the Ministry of Health in developing a new central medical stores structure as a parastatal organisation. Developed a financial plan for all proposed reforms. Consensus development at a national and international workshop where proposals for reform have been presented. The actual and functional national central medical store in Kigali is based on the feasibility study and the technical proposals made by HERA-CDP.
Year:	1993 - 1994

Assignment:	Situational Analysis of ARV Supply in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Client:	World Bank
Country:	Congo RDC
Fields of expertise:	Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, HIV-AIDS-STI-TB, Pharmaceutical Sector Review
Description:	Narrative description of Project: The Multi-sectoral HIV / AIDS Project (MAP) (102 million U.S. dollars), is the first project for the fight against HIV / AIDS that was to be implemented by the government of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) through a single point of coordination of the multi-sectoral body, the National Multi-sectoral Program to fight against HIV / AIDS (PNMLS). The MAP Project was conceived as a project to support the coordination of the multi-sectoral fight against HIV / AIDS in the DRC, by supporting the implementation of the National Strategic Plan against HIV / AIDS in all provinces, both urban and rural, and in a number of varied sectors. The objective of the MAP project is to mitigate the negative impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on the stabilization, recovery, and development of the country. This will be achieved by: increasing the access to STI/HIV/AIDS treatment; mitigating the health and socio-economic impact of HIV/AIDS at the individual, household and community level; and building strong and sustainable national capacity to respond to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Description of actual services provided: The objective of this consultancy was to improve understanding of the current ARV needs and supply mechanism in DRC in order to ensure continued access to treatment beyond MAP closure. Under the direction of the MAP Task Team Leader the Consultant undertook the following tasks: Conduct a document review on current situation of ARV supply in DRC, including actors involved, quantity supplied, distribution schedule, geographical distribution (preferably by health zone level). Review the historical and current MAP data on: forecasting and quantification of ARVs quantities procured quantities received quantities distributed quantities distributed and received at provincial, district and health zone levels quantities consumed (administered to patients) Review the existing MAP procurement practices and distribution mechanisms, including use of regional distribution centers, assessment of its functionality and supervision mechanisms. Collect information and analyze the different distribution mechanisms applied by other actors involved (Global Fund, PEPFAR, etc.). Assess the existing quality assurance mechanism and provide recommendations for improvement. Conduct a situational analysis of patients currently under treatment, their geographical location and level of treatment received/required. Interview governmental-, donor- and other organizations involved (or to be involved) in ARV supply and establish a reliable estimate of planned and expected 2010 and 2011 procurement and supply of ARVs and related products. Analyze the existing coordination mechanism among the government and principal partners involved and provide recommendations for improvement. Develop recommendations to ensure access to ARV treatment beyond MAP closure, providing a realistic estimate of stocks and financing gaps, time line and coordination mechanism. Discuss and validate preliminary findings with the MOH, PNLS and PNMLS.
Year:	2010

Assignment:	Review of the Pharmaceutical Sector
Client:	World Bank - Ministry of Health
Country:	Kenya
Fields of expertise:	Drug Regulatory Authority Support, Drug Supply Management System Strengthening, Essential Drugs Programme Support, Health Policy and Policy Dialogue, Health Sector Reform, Health Sector Review or Health Sector Diagnosis, Monitoring and Evaluation, National Medicines Policy Development, Pharmaceutical Sector Review, Procurement and Tender Support, Quantification of Essential Drug Needs, Rational Use Surveys
Description:	Narrative description of Project: The Government of Kenya, with support from its partners including the World Bank, has committed itself to a series of reform efforts in the health sector. As part of this , the MOH commissioned a comprehensive review of the pharmaceutical sector. The review was contracted in 4 different consultancies of which HERA completed 3 parts: Consultancy for Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Access in Kenya, including an Institutional Capacity Assessment of the MOH and KEMSA Consultancy for Evaluating/Improving Quality Assurance and Sustainability in the Medical Supplies Sub-sector in Kenya Consultancy to strengthen the logistics Management and the Rational Use of Drugs in Kenya. Description of actual services provided: Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Access in Kenya: Description of geographical, physical and financial access to drugs in Kenya, particularly for the diseases of poverty, in both public and private sectors; Evaluation of the structure, functioning and outcomes of the existing drug supply systems (including the procurement, warehousing and distribution of drugs to all levels of the health care system); Assessment of the structure, functioning and outcomes of the existing pharmaceutical financing and pricing systems from an efficiency and equity perspective; Development of alternative proposals for efficient and equitable systems of drug supply management, financing and pricing. Evaluating/ Improving Quality Assurance and Sustainability in the Medical Supplies Sub-sector : Description and evaluation of the overall structure, process and performance of drug quality assurance/control systems at both central and provincial levels; Assessment of the procedures ensuring the quality of drugs and of manufacturing facilities, the thoroughness and frequency of these quality inspections and the overall effectiveness of the quality assurance/control systems; Detailed analysis of all the sources and uses of Drug Control Authority Funds; Development of recommendations to ensure that the systems for drug quality assurance at all levels of the health system in the public and private sectors function efficiently and effectively in the future. Strengthening the Logistics Management and Rational Use of Drugs: Description and analysis of the existing patterns of drug prescription, dispensing and consumption in the public and private sectors. Review of the logistics management system in the public and private sectors and recommendations for strengthening and developing a national procurement and logistics management action plan; Evaluation of the existing policies, norms, standards and practices related to the use of pharmaceuticals by health professionals and consumers; Development of alternative proposals for the establishment of an effective program for rational drug use (including an essential drugs policy and generics strategy).
Year:	2004 - 2005